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EXERCISES AT THE CELEBRATION OF 
THE FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY OF THE 
SIGNING OF THE CHARTER OF TUFTS 
COLLEGE 



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EXERCISES 

AT 

THE CELEBRATION OF THE FIFTIETH 

ANNIVERSARY 

OF 

THE SIGNING OF THE CHARTER OF TUFTS 

COLLEGE APRIL THE TWENTY-FIRST 

NINETEEN HUNDRED AND TWO 




TUFTS COIXFGF. PRFS^ 



p. 



f(W4'03 



Li 



TUFTS COLLEGE PRESS :: 
H. W. WHITTEMORE & CO. 









ANNIVERSARY EXERCISES 

At the regular quarterly meeting of the Trustees of 
Tufts College held March eleventh, 1902, it was voted to 
celebrate with simple, but fitting ceremony the fiftieth an- 
niversary of the signing of the Charter, and to invite the 
Honorable George Sewall Boutwell, who as Governor of the 
Commonwealth at that time affixed his name to the docu- 
ment, to deliver an address. It was also voted to confer 
upon Mr. Boutwell at the celebration the degree of honorary 
Doctor of Laws. The President of the College was author- 
ized to make the necessary arrangements. Pursuant to this 
authority invitations were extended to every alumnus of the 
institution whose address was known and to other distin- 
guished persons as many as the limited space in Goddard 
Chapel would accommodate, to be present at two o'clock 
in the afternoon, April the twenty-first. 

Provision was made for the seating of the undergradu- 
ate body of students below the senior class in the transept 
and gallery of Goddard Chapel. The remaining space was 
reserved for the senior class and alumni. Promptly at two 
o'clock the procession was formed at the Barnum Museum, 
consisting of the President, the Trustees, the principal 
guest, Ex-Governor Boutwell, the Mayors of Somerville 
and Medford, the Presidents of several New England Col- 
leges, other persons specially invited, and the several Fac- 
ulties of the College, the senior class acting as escort. 
On entering the Chapel the President of the College as- 
sumed his official chair in the chancel, with the President 
of the Trustees, the Honorable Henry Brewer Metcalf, on 
his right and Mr. Boutwell on his left. The remainder of 
the chancel was occupied by the Trustees, the Faculties 
and distinguished visitors. The exercises began with the 
singing of the following anthem by the College choir. 



4 ANNIVERSARY EXERCISES 

The Lord is rny light and my salvation ; 

whom, then, shall I fear? 
The Lord is the strength of my life ; 

of whom, then shall I be afraid? 
When the wicked, even mine enemies and my foes, 

came upon me to eat up my flesh, 

they stumbled and fell 
Though a host of men be laid against me, 

yet shall not rrry heart be afraid ; 
And though there rise up war against me, 

y et w 7 ill I put rny trust in Him 

Harken unto my voice, O Lord, when I cry unto Thee 

have mercy upon me, and hear 
Thou hast been my succor ; 

leave me not, neither forsake me, 

God of my salvation 

O tarry thou the Lord's leisure ; 

be strong, and he shall comfort thine heart .... 



The Lord is my light and niy salvation 

Portions of the Twenty -seventh Psalm paraphrased 
The music by Horatio W. Parker, A.M. 
Prayer was then offered b} r the Reverend Charles Hall 
Leonard, D.D., Dean of the Divinity School, as follows : 

Almighty God, our Heavenly Father : the source of all 
life : in whom all our undertakings are begun, continued, 
and ended : We rejoice that Thou didst put it into the pur- 
pose of men, Thy servants, our fathers, to plant here this 
college, and that it has been watched over and nourished 
unto this day. We rejoice in the productive years which 
have witnessed to its growth, and to its wider and wider 
influence for learning, for culture, and for the graces and 
powers of life and character. We rejoice, also, in the in- 
telligence which, from the first, held this College as an 
entrusted care, and administered its affairs, from year to 
year, with wisdom and affection. We remember before 



% CONFERRING OF THE DEGREE 5 

Thee the wise devotion of its presidents and faculties, the 
loyalty of its sons, and the increasing favor of a growing 
constituency. We celebrate to-day its faint beginning, its 
safe progress along the years, and this promise, at length, 
of vaster things to come, both for individual good and so- 
cial order. We give the College anew to Thee, and to the 
great ends and uses of knowledge and righteousness. 
Anew we commend and commit the College to the affec- 
tion and favor of those who have known its gracious care, 
and the confidence and faith with which it sent them 
forth at last. Grant, O God, new tides of interest from the 
years that are to come. Hallow all the work of the Col- 
lege. Give wisdom and cheer to its president. Give new 
motive and master}' to all its departments, and make it, 
henceforth, not only a grateful memory but a confident 
prophecy. 

Have regard unto us now in the occasion which has 
called us together. Here in this presence, and on this 
mid-century charter-day we renew our affection for the 
venerable and fostering Commonwealth whose will and 
hand sent us forth at first ; and we pledge thought, and 
faith, and hope to a wider and wider fellowship of learning, 
and to a more joyous sacrifice and service. 

What wait we for now but for Thy blessing, that peace 
and light may more and more be shed abroad from this 
place : that so thy kingdom may come and thy will be 
done on earth as it is in heaven. Amen. 

THE CONFERRING OF THE DEGREE OF HON- 
ORARY DOCTOR OF LAWS UPON MR. 
BOUTWELL. 

the president said : The occasion which brings us 
together has features of peculiar interest. Fifty years ago 
this day the Charter of Tufts College received its final sig- 
nature. Attached to this document are three historic 
names — Nathaniel Prentiss Banks, as Speaker of the 



6 ANNIVERSARY EXERCISES 

House of Representatives ; Henry Wilson, as President of 
the Senate, and George Sewall Bout well as Governor of 
the Commonwealth. The last-named was the youngest 
person who has ever held the office of chief magistrate since 
Massachusetts became a state. By that rare good fortune 
which sometimes prolongs men's lives beyond the limit of 
four score years, he is with us to-day, in the full possession 
of unusual intellectual powers. His career has been one 
of highest distinction. As Secretary of the State Board of 
Education he disclosed a mastery of the principles of pub- 
lic instruction. As a member of the House of Representa- 
tives in Congress, and afterward as Senator, he gave proof 
of his power as a constructive statesman. As the first 
Commissioner of Internal Revenue, appointed by Abraham 
Lincoln, he created the bureau and worked out the system 
of domestic taxation. As Secretary of the Treasury he 
reduced enormously the rate of interest on the government 
loans, gave American securities a recognized place in the 
financial markets of the world, and established gold as the 
standard of value. A splendid example himself of demo- 
cratic citizenship, he has wrought steadfastly for the wel- 
fare of the people and the preservation of the principles of 
republican government. He is a leading authority upon 
constitutional law and diplomacy. He is entitled, there- 
fore, to be styled scholar, expert in finance, statesman, 
jurist, orator, patriot and friend of mankind. 

Now therefore by the authority entrusted to me by the 
Trustees of Tufts College, I create you, George Sewall 
Boutwell, honorary Doctor of Laws, and I confer upon you 
all the rights, dignities, and privileges pertaining to that 
degree and declare that your name shall be enrolled forever 
in that learned fellowship which the name Tufts College 
signifies, on whose charter your name was inscribed fifty 
years ago this day. 

In token of this and in the name of the College I give to 
you a diploma. 






MR. BOUTWELL'S RESPONSE 7 

MR. BOUTWEU/S RESPONSE. 

Mr. President 

and Reverend and Honorable 

Trustees of Tufts College : 

The honor and dignity which you have now conferred 
upon me cannot be acknowledged adequately, by any form 
of expression that is at my command. 

I shall ever cherish this experience as one of the most 
highly valued experiences of my life, and it will be so re- 
called and so recognized by my family and friends. 

As the circumstances of this occasion did not require 
you to advance me to a place of distinction in the dignities 
which the College may confer, I accept the honor upon 
personal grounds. 

This for myself and also as an enlargement of the meas- 
ure of gratitude that I owe to you. 

I trust that your College may continue in prosperity, 
and that health and happiness may attend those who may 
be called to administer its affairs. 

The President then introduced, George Sewall Boutwell, 
L,L,.D., who spoke as follows. 



MR. BOUTWELL'S ADDRESS. 

Mr. President and Gentlemen : 

It is a singular fortune that has come to you and to me. 
In my youth I gave my official sanction, and without much 
thought of the future, to the charter of Tufts College, that 
was to be set on these heights, overlooking the city of 
Boston and the many cities that are held in her gentle em- 
brace, and now, after a full half century, I have come to 
witness your prosperity, to congratulate you upon it, to 
receive your gracious honors and to enjoy with you the 
prospect that opens before us. 

A like fortune has not come to any other person nor to 



8 ANNIVERSARY EXERCISES 

any other institution. It may be viewed as a noticeable 
event in personal and public history and I so regard it. 

Your invitation to me to join in the exercises of this 
anniversary and the circumstances which suggested the 
invitation have led me to attempt a review of the events 
that have marked and in some respects have made illustri- 
ous the half century now closing. 

To you it has been a period of organization, of growth, 
of foundations so laid, in liberty under law, and so freed 
from the influence of a hierarchy, in matters of religion 
and from the domination of the state in all matters of 
thought and of teaching as to justify the opinion that the 
College will advance with the advancing fortunes of the 
country and of the world. 

In 1852 the ancient university at Cambridge numbered 
631 students, including professional students, resident 
graduates and undergraduates. 

By your catalogue for the year 1901-2 and by your clas- 
sification you claim a membership of 903 persons men and 
women, or nearly 50 per cent, in advance of Cambridge at 
the end of two centuries. Since 1852 the means of univer- 
sity education have been multiplied immensely, of which 
the Johns Hopkins College at Baltimore, the Leland Stan- 
ford University of California, the University of Chicago, 
and the 4142 students at Cambridge are only signal exam- 
ples of a more comprehensive list that might be written. 

In 1852 the era of the public library had been authorized, 
but so far as is knowm, the public library open to all the 
people and maintained by taxation did not exist as a pub- 
lic policy. There were eight towns in the state — Winchen- 
don, Lunenburg, Lowell, Ashfield, Millbur}^, Deerfield, 
Wayland and West Cambridge — in which public libraries 
were maintained, but with the exception of West Cam- 
bridge, now Arlington, there is no evidence that they were 
maintained by a system of taxation. The library in Ar- 
lington was supported by taxation as early as 1837, the 



MR. BOUTWKlvIy'S ADDRKSS 9 

first in the list of 351 libraries in Massachusetts so sup- 
ported in the year 1902. 

In the year 1852 I signed the bill which authorized the 
establishment of a public library in every city and town in 
the state and decreed its maintenance at the public ex- 
pense. A similar statute had been passed by the state of 
New Hampshire in the year 1849. These acts may have 
been the parent statutes of the public library system of the 
country and of the world. Free public libraries are now 
maintained in 351 of the 353 cities and towns in Massa- 
chusetts. 

Thus, in these fifty years has a great university been 
set up in Massachusetts, and thus in these fifty years it has 
taken possession of the country, and it will follow the pub- 
lic school system the globe around. 

In 1852 colleges for women were a hope rather than a 
policy, the normal school system was in its infancy, and 
the Pestalozzian system was a rumor rather than a reality 
in the art and practice of teaching. 

If the religious world has not come to oneness in opin- 
ion, it has taken on a spirit of harmony that did not exist 
in the first half of the last century. 

While we may not say whether the advancement in the 
field of labor and production has been greater than in purely 
intellectual pursuits, it is certain that the means of forming 
an estimate of the progress made are much better. A 
day's labor in any and every kind of handiwork, whether 
by men or women, will yield a return in the means of per- 
sonal and family subsistence greater by one-fourth than 
the same day's labor would have yielded in the first decade 
of the last half century. 

To this end purely intellectual culture has been the chief 
contributor, in schools of design, of science, of technical 
learning, and the practical application of such learning, all 
culminating in the many inventions and improvements by 
which the burden of manual labor has been diminished, 
and the comforts of mankind have been increased. To 



IO ANNIVERSARY KXKRCISES 

the rule I am now laying down, there may have been an ex- 
ception in the discovery of anaesthesia. To this discovery 
there were three parties with whom I had personal know- 
ledge. First, Dr. Jackson, who knew that ether would 
cause insensibility, but who failed to forecast any benefits 
from its use. That knowledge he communicated to Dr. 
Morton, a dentist. Dr. Morton saw its value in his pro- 
fession, and for the moment, possibly, he may not have 
looked beyond. Upon his suggestion a young man, 
Ebenezar Hopkins Frost, w 7 ho was born into the reckless 
side of humanity, consented to an experiment with ether 
in the hope of avoiding pain in the extraction of a tooth. 
Thus the greatest of all the means of alleviating human 
suffering became the possession of the world without dis- 
tinguishing merit on the part of anyone. 

The vital statistics of Massachusetts show a large gain 
of life in the state since 1850. The results deserve more 
than a brief notice. 

From 1 85 1 to 1855 the average length of life was 27.07 
years. 

From 1896 to 1900 the average was 35.25 years, a gain 
of 8.18 years, equal to 30 per cent, in a half century. 

At the end of 30 years the average of life for that period 
was 29.04 years, a gain of 1.97, or about 7 per cent. 

From 1880 to 1900 inclusive, there was a gain of 6.21 
years, equal to 22 per cent., or more than 1 per cent, per 
annum. 

It is to be said of the many inventions, great and small, 
that the idea has had a pre-existence in the mind of the 
inventor. 

It may not be possible to classify and assign rank to the 
inventions that belong to the closing half of the last cent- 
ury. I shall not err widely if I give the first place to 
agricultural implements. The mower and the reaper have 
displaced the sickle and the scythe, and one man and a 
pair of horses are the equivalent of 10 men. The plough 
and all the minor implements of agriculture have been re- 



MR. BOUTWELI/S ADDRESS II 

created, or modified and improved. With reference to 
agriculture and to the means of subsistence in comfort the 
chiefest discovery of the half century is in the scientific 
production of artificial fertilizers which have enlarged the 
field of labor and subsistence beyond any now known lim- 
its. I pass over the many and varied inventions which 
relate to manufactures by which the product in mass has 
been increased tenfold with a margin over, while in the 
same period the cost of the individual products of machin- 
ery has been reduced proportionately. For an example, 
the census statistics show that the total products of manu- 
factures in the state of Missouri have advanced from 
$24,000,000 in i860 to §385,000,000 for the year 1900, 
while in the same period of time the cost of steel rails, a 
good barometer, has fallen from $150 to §30 per ton. 

I pass over many inventions of signal importance, the 
sewing machine, the air brake, the sleeping car and the 
inventions that contribute to the comfort and safety of rail- 
road travelling. In 1844 Gen. Fremont was traversing the 
Rock} 7 Mountains in uncertainty and through many perils, 
and in the year 1902 the region is crossed by eight railway 
systems, and freed from dangers that are not common to 
all civilized countries. 

By one invention, to which little thought is given, the 
capacity of cities and populous towns has been increased 
immensely. I speak of the elevator, an invention which 
has enlarged the living and working space of cities not 
less than sevenfold, and raised the dwellers and workers 
from unwholesome nearness to the earth into the regions of 
light and air. The inventor of the screw elevator, a crude 
contrivance, was a Mr. Otis Tufts, a client of mine. 
Neither the inventor nor his counsel had any conception 
of the change that was to be wrought by which a square 
foot of land was to become as valuable and as useful as a 
square yard had been. 

In the early forties Mr. Alvan Crocker was engaged, 
with a persistency that was disagreeable, in the further- 







12 ANNIVERSARY EXERCISES 

ance of his project of a railroad from Boston to Fitchburg. 
In the fifties he secured the adoption of his scheme to 
extend the road to the Hudson River, which involved the 
construction of a railway tunnel 4.% miles in length under 
the Hoosac Mountain, a body of rock. The only instru- 
ment for the service was the hand drill, and the progress 
for many years did not exceed six hundred feet a year. 
The inventive faculties of many men were at the command 
of the contractors and the State, and experiments were 
made with worthless devices. About the year 1864 Charles 
Burleigh, of Fitchburg, brought out his power drill. At 
once the progress through the mountain was advanced 
from six hundred to three thousand feet per annum. The 
capacity of the power drill has been enlarged by improve- 
ments, and in the thirty years now passed it has been the 
chief, if not the sole, instrument by which the financial 
policy of the world has been overturned. In 1852 gold 
was obtained by placer mining and silver by rock mining 
exclusively. Under these conditions the cost of labor of 
15^2 ounces of silver was a trifle greater than the cost of 
an ounce of gold. The coinage of the world rested upon 
or near this ratio. At the present moment, and by the 
genius of the power drill, a half-ounce of gold in cost of 
labor is the equivalent of 15^ ounces of silver. Silver has 
ceased to be a universal currency, and a surfeit of gold is 
in the near future to be attended by a change in the rela- 
tions of labor and capital such as has never been expe- 
rienced in any age of the world. The power drill has 
penetrated the earth to the lowest line of animal existence, 
brought the mountains to the level of the valley for the 
purposes of commerce, reduced the burden of public and 
private indebtedness, and revolutionized the financial 
affairs of the nations. 

The first successful experiment with Morse's telegraphic 
system was made in the month of June, 1852. 

Bell's telephonic system became an accomplished fact 
about the year 1876. 



MR. BOUTWE1X S ADDRESS 1 3 

Then came Edison's wonderful invention, the Grapho- 
phone, by which the human voice may be preserved and 
transmitted to many generations. 

In the last year of our half-century we have accepted 
the appearance of the most wonderful of all inventions — 
Marconi's system of wireless telegraphy. Its place among 
the utilities of mankind cannot be foretold or even im- 
agined. 

As I pass from this topic I shall indulge myself in what 
to me appears to be a practical observation. 

Every useful invention is a destroyer of kindred indus- 
tries. The workers in such industries become the enemies 
of the inventions. They are sufferers as individuals, but 
the interests of the laboring classes are promoted by im- 
provements — indeed, they have thus far been saved by 
inventions and inventors from degredation and servility. 
Witness the railway systems, the telegraphic and tele- 
phonic systems, which are new creations, the gifts of in- 
ventors, and which in America alone furnish employment 
for 1,500,000 of workers — men and women. Every new 
invention creates a new demand for labor. The inventors 
are the friends of the laboring popula'ion. 

In the administration of the law something of certainty 
and of celerity has been gained by the admission of parties 
as witnesses in civil suits and by allowing persons accused 
of crime to testify in their own behalf. 

In these fifty years the labor organizations have become 
formidable forces in social and political life, the theories of 
Darwin have changed opinions and disturbed beliefs as to 
the origin of man, and a new religion or a new form of 
Christianity, under the lead of a woman, claims a follow- 
ing of 1,000,000 in the United States, and a fellowship of 
many thousands in other parts of the world. These move- 
ments, whether they are vagaries or realities, are of a 
nature to endure, and they may not be passed without 
observation- 



14 ANNIVERSARY KXKRCISES 

I turn to a reality, although its limits as a reality can- 
not be defined. Some of the text books on astronomy of the 
first third of the last century contained this observation in 
substance : On a clear night five thousand' stars may be 
seen in the heavens. The vision of the naked eye has not 
been enlarged, but the scope of the human eye has been 
extended immensely, and the testimony of the astronomer, 
Mr. Simon Newcomb, whom I have consulted, must be of 
interest to all of us. 

My two questions were these : How many stars might 
have been seen or marked in 1850 with the best instru- 
ments then in use, if the entire sphere of the heavens 
could have been surveyed, and how many could have been 
seen or marked in the year 1900 with the aid of the in- 
struments then in use ? To the first question he replied : 
" From 30,000,000 to 50,000,000 might have been visi- 
ble with the best instruments in 1850, and that from 
120,000,000 to 200,000,000 can now be photographed." 
But he adds : ' ' This is only a rude guess, much like 
trying to estimate the grains of sand on a sea beach." 

Thus through photography there has come an immense 
enlargement of our horizon, and we have passed out from 
the narrow view which prevailed at the opening of the 
nineteenth century that the starry host and the unwearied 
sun were created for the embellishment of the earth on 
which we dwell. Every enlargement of our knowledge of 
space renders any conception of the infinity of space more 
and more difficult. 

As the first half of the last century was closing there 
were hopes of universal peace, and the rapid spread of 
republican ideas and institutions over the continent of 
Europe. All such hopes were extinguished by the failure 
of Kossuth in Hungary and the coup d'etat of Louis 
Napoleon in France. 

Then came the Crimean war, the final effort of Russia 
to make a way by force to a sea unfettered by ice. Then 
came the civil war in the United States, which ended in 



MR. BOUTWEDL'S ADDRESS 15 

the reorganization of the government upon the basis of 
freedom, of the equality of men in the States and of States 
in the new Union. 

This great event was followed by the abolition of slavery 
in the colonies of Spain and Portugal and in the empire of 
Brazil. The abolition of slavery in America and on the 
Atlantic Ocean had been prefigured by the abolition of 
serfdom in Russia. 

A singular incident it is in human history that the 
emancipator of the serfs of Russia and the emancipator of 
the slaves in America were to fall by the hands of assassins, 
and that Dom Pedro, the emancipator of slavery in Brazil, 
was forced into exile and to death in a foreign country. 

The usurpation of Napoleon was followed by the Italian 
war, the unification of the states of Italy, under the lead of 
Sardinia, and the downfall of the temporal power of the 
Catholic church. 

Napoleon's supremacy came to an end in less than 
twenty years, by the Franco-Prussian war of 1870, which 
resulted in the overthrow of the empire, the loss of the 
provinces of Alsace and Lorraine, and the reappearance of 
the republic of Lamartine upon a firmer basis. And more 
than all, thus was a foundation laid in the assured per- 
petual hostility of France and Germany for the supremacy 
of Russia in the east, of which I am to speak. 

The greatest event of the half-century, if, indeed, it be 
not the greatest event of any century, in a military, politi- 
cal, and commercial aspect, is the union of Russia and 
China under the lead of Russia. We are the witnesses of 
the beginnings of an empire, compact in territory, extend- 
ing from the Atlantic to the Pacific, occupied by a third 
of the inhabitants of the globe and equal to the support of 
hundreds of millions more, with openings to the sea by 
railway communication at three important points. 

Although Russia was baffled in its attempt to force an 
opening to the sea by the Bosphorus, the end has been 
gained by peaceful means — by the construction of railways, 



in ANNIVERSARY EXERCISES 

by the subservient friendship of neighboring nations, se- 
cured by the presence of power, by promises of protection, 
by payments of money and by grants of credit. A con- 
cession has been made, by which Russia is authorized to 
build a railway from its own territory to the Persian gulf, 
and thus an opportunity has been opened for a railroad 
through Turkey to the Mediterranean sea. Thus the En- 
glish possessions are surrounded by a line of railways on 
the land side and by access to the sea at Port Arthur on 
the north and at the inlet of the Persian gulf on the south. 

As England is the only nation that appears to challenge 
Russia in the east, security for the neutrality of Germany 
has been sought through an alliance with France. 

In purely industrial pursuits, in which the original and 
inventive faculties are not required, China is without a 
rival. When we consider the extent of contiguous terri- 
tory, the hundreds of millions who, for a time, are to be 
guided by one will, their power as a possible military force, 
their passive superiority in industrial pursuits, we are 
forced to the conclusion that we have been the witnesses 
in the half century now closing of the most important po- 
litical, military and industrial movement of which there is 
any record in the history of mankind. 

The policy of Russia has been forecast in the pronuncia- 
mento that it has sent out to the world. Three points are 
sufficient, i. There can be no division of the territory 
of the Chinese empire. 2. Russia undertakes to suppress 
any internal disturbances that may arise in China. 3. 
The exclusion of Japan from Korea is decreed. 

Behind this proclamation much may be discerned. Un- 
limited military organizations in China under the discipline 
of trained officers of the Russian army. The preparation 
of military stores without limit, the erection of fortifications 
at exposed points, the construction of naval vessels ade- 
quate to any emergency that may arise, all menacing im- 
periously every possession in the east, including the empire 
of Japan, — that Japan which we aided by friendly advice in 



MR. BOUTWELL S ADDRESS 17 

its effort to attain an advanced civilization, when its hopes 
had no better foundation than the foundation which had 
been laid in the island of Luzon in the year 1898. France 
has taken securit}^ for her possessions in the Pacific by an 
alliance with Russia. 

As I approach the conclusion of this address, I ask my- 
self this question : Am I to pass without observation the 
war in South Africa, the war in the Philippine Islands, 
wars that for three years and more have been carried on by 
England and the United States, and as yet without the 
promise even of a successful result in either case ? If not, 
then to you I submit these questions : Can the war in 
South Africa be defended as a war of justice on the part of 
Great Britain ? Can it be defended as a war of necessity ? 
Can the war in the Philippine Islands be defended as a war 
of justice on the part of the United States ? Can it be de- 
fended as a war of necessity ? If these questions are not 
so answered and successfully answered, then these wars 
are criminal wars on the part of those who have the power 
to bring them to an end. 

These are the blemishes upon the history of two civilized 
nations as you pass from the first to the second half century 
of your collegiate life, darkened and deepened by the fact' 
that the flag of the republic has become the protector of 
slave marts where men and women are bought and sold. 

What is the highest duty, the noblest service of the 
school, the college, the university ? Can it be other than 
this : That always and everywhere the school should 
be the defender of liberty ; not liberty for a class, not lib- 
erty for a religion, not liberty for a form of civilization, 
not liberty for races and castes, and more than all not lib- 
erty as a right in some and a privilege only in others. 

Learning and liberty cannot be separated except through 
common ruin. Let learning be the teacher and the promotor 
of liberty, and liberty will be the protector of learning. 



1 8 ANNIVERSARY EXERCISES 

At the conclusion of the address the following hymn 
written by Mrs. Mary T. Goddard, for the ceremony of 
the Laying of the Corner Stone of Tufts College, was 
sung by the Congregation to the tune Darwall. 

With earnest heart and hand 

We would a temple rear, 

Whose walls shall grace the land, 

And strength and beauty wear, 
While from within a light shall stream, 
With hope and life. in every beam 

But though our plans be laid, 

With purpose strong and deep, 

'Twere nought without His aid, 

Who can that purpose keep ; 
O help, with praise and prayer to own 
The guiding hand of God alone 

We would this work of ours 

Should show His glory forth ; 

While Science all her powers, 

And virtue all her worth, 
Shall join to make His name adored, 
And spread His wondrous love abroad 

We would from hence might go 

Those to his service true, 

Who, taught his power to know, 

And strong His will to do, 
Shall glowing with His truth's pure flame 
Wide through the world that truth proclaim 

But all is in His hand; 

If He, our God shall bless, 

Our work secure shall stand, 

And meet with full success. 
Grant then, O Lord, our help to be; 
For all our trust we rest on Thee 



BENEDICTION 19 

The benediction was then given by the President. 

Following the exercises a reception was given by the 
President and Mrs. Capen from four thirty to six thirty 
o'clock at their residence. 



m& 



. 



